数学解释世界(一)

新舍友Danan是个很好的人,把我当作他的家人一样看待。和我说的最多的一句话就是“If you have any problem, let me know”,让我这个身处异乡的人倍感温暖。昨天我们讨论了下关于有趣的数字问题,然后他借给了我他的一本书——《How Math Explains the World》。晚上闲来无事就拿起来翻了翻,没看几页我就觉得应该是我喜欢的内容,于是决定把书中有趣的部分拿出来和大家分享。

那些价值百万的问题
每年都有一小部分杰出的科学家、经济学家、大文豪、人道主义者因一个奖项聚集在瑞典的斯德哥尔摩,这就是——诺贝尔奖。但是很奇怪,为什么数学家却没有进入这个行列?一种流传甚广的说法是:当诺贝尔奖设立的时候,诺贝尔的妻子与瑞典著名数学家Gustav Mittag-Leffler传出了绯闻,当然这只是猜测。不过,数学家有他们的菲尔兹奖,这个奖项每四年评选一次,但它只表彰那些40岁以下的数学家们。

在千禧年之际,克莱数学研究所提出了7个重大数学难题——并且解决任何一道难题将获得百万美金作为奖赏。在这些问题中,诸如Birch and Swinnerton-Dyer conjecture这样的问题在方程领域是非常专业艰深的。而其中有两个问题却是数学和物理两学科所交叉。解决这样的问题会帮助我们更好地理解宇宙,也会在科技上有所带动。

之后的文章我会继续更新书上的内容以及我对这些问题的观点。

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